Titanium dioxide is the most expensive white pigment most mills buy – and for some grades, there is no real substitute. The trick is to use it only where it earns its cost.
Why it is special
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) scatters light more strongly than any other common white pigment. A small amount gives opacity and whiteness that would need much more clay or calcium carbonate.
Where it pays back
Thin papers
Bible paper, lightweight printing and some tissue grades need high opacity at very low GSM. TiO2 is often the only way to stop show-through.
Décor and laminate papers
Papers that cover a dark board must hide it completely.
Board coatings
A small amount in the top coat of duplex board can lift whiteness and coverage over a grey middle.
Paints and coatings
In paints, TiO2 is the main white pigment that gives hiding power.
Plastics and rubber
It whitens and protects plastics and rubber products from UV.
Benefits
- Highest opacity per kilo.
- Bright, clean white.
- UV protection in coatings and plastics.
- Lets you lower basis weight while keeping opacity.
Using less of it
Because it is costly, every gram should work:
- Disperse it well. Lumps waste pigment. Use a suitable dispersing agent.
- Retain it. In paper, TiO2 is fine and drains away easily. A good retention aid is essential.
- Blend smartly. Combine with GCC, calcite or china clay, using TiO2 only for the last few points of opacity.
- Put it where it is seen. In board, the top coat – not the whole sheet.
Handling and storage
TiO2 is a fine, dusty powder. Store dry, keep bags sealed and use dust extraction at the make-down point.
Paying too much for opacity? Tell us your grade and current pigment mix – we will suggest how much TiO2 you actually need. Ask our team →